In this Python Tutorial we want to talk about Python Standard Library, Python comes with different standard library that includes modules for performing different tasks, such as working with operating system functionality, interacting with the internet, manipulating data structures, and many more. these are some examples of commonly used modules in the Python standard library:
Python Built-in Functions
Python has different built-in functions that are always available for use, and you can use them for basic operations. These are some of the most frequently used built-in functions in Python:
| Function | Description |
|---|---|
| abs() | Returns the absolute value of a number. |
| all() | Returns True if all elements of an iterable are true. |
| any() | Returns True if any element of an iterable is true. |
| bin() | Converts an integer to a binary string. |
| bool() | Converts a value to a Boolean. |
| float() | Converts a number or string to a floating-point number. |
| int() | Converts a number or string to an integer. |
| len() | Returns the length of an object. |
| print() | Prints the given object to the console. |
| str() | Converts an object to a string. |
| sum() | Sums the items of an iterable. |
| type() | Returns the type of an object. |
| zip() | Returns an iterator of tuples. |
Python Lists
Lists are dynamic arrays that can hold elements of different types. They are mutable, meaning their contents can be changed.
| Method | Description |
|---|---|
| append() | Adds an element to the end of the list |
| clear() | Removes all elements from the list |
| copy() | Returns a shallow copy of the list |
| extend() | Extends the list by appending elements from an iterable |
| insert() | Inserts an element at a specified position |
| pop() | Removes and returns the element at a specified position |
| sort() | Sorts the list in ascending order |
Python Dictionaries
Dictionaries store data in key-value pairs and provide efficient ways to access and manipulate the data.
| Method | Description |
|---|---|
| clear() | Removes all items from the dictionary |
| copy() | Returns a shallow copy of the dictionary |
| get() | Returns the value for a specified key |
| items() | Returns a view object containing key-value pairs |
| keys() | Returns a view object containing the keys |
| pop() | Removes and returns the value for a specified key |
| update() | Updates the dictionary with key-value pairs from another dictionary |
Python Sets
Sets are collections of unique elements. They support mathematical operations like union, intersection and difference.
| Method | Description |
|---|---|
| add() | Adds an element to the set |
| clear() | Removes all elements from the set |
| difference() | Returns the difference between sets |
| intersection() | Returns the intersection of sets |
| union() | Returns the union of sets |
| update() | Updates the set with the union of itself and others |
Python Tuples
Tuples are immutable sequences used to store collections of heterogeneous data.
| Method | Description |
|---|---|
| count() | Returns the number of occurrences of a value |
| index() | Returns the index of the first occurrence of a value |
String Methods
Python strings are immutable sequences of characters. String methods perform different operations on string data.
| Method | Description |
|---|---|
| capitalize() | Converts the first character to uppercase |
| count() | Returns the number of occurrences of a substring |
| find() | Returns the index of the first occurrence of a substring |
| format() | Formats the string using placeholders |
| lower() | Converts all characters to lowercase |
| upper() | Converts all characters to uppercase |
| replace() | Replaces occurrences of a substring with another substring |
| split() | Splits the string into a list based on a delimiter |
Python File I/O
Python provides different tools for working with files, and using that you can do efficient file input and output operations.
| Function | Description |
|---|---|
| open() | Opens a file and returns a file object |
| read() | Reads the content of a file |
| write() | Writes content to a file |
| close() | Closes the file |
Python OS and System Interfaces
os and sys modules allow interaction with the operating system and Python runtime environment.
| Module | Function | Description |
|---|---|---|
| os | listdir() | Returns a list of entries in a directory |
| os | path() | Utilities for manipulating filesystem paths |
| sys | argv() | Returns a list of command-line arguments |
| sys | exit() | Exits the Python interpreter |
Python Date and Time
The datetime module provides classes for manipulating dates and times.
| Class | Description |
|---|---|
| date | Represents a date |
| time | Represents a time |
| datetime | Represents both date and time |
| timedelta | Represents the difference between two dates or times |
So in this Python Tutorial we have learned about Python Standard Library, it is one of the important resource, because it provides different tools and functions for developers. From built-in functions and data structures to file handling and system interfaces.
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