In this PyQt5 article we are going to learn How to Make PyQt5 GUI Calculator,
OK before coding let’s just have a simple introduction to PyQt5.
Also you can check more Python GUI articles in the below links
1: Python TKinter GUI Development
What is PyQt5 ?
PyQt5 is a binding for Qt5 C++ a GUI framework for C++ programming language, PyQt5 is used to write all kinds of GUI applications, from accounting applications, to visualization tools used by scientists and engineers.
it is possible to write PyQt5 applications that are just tens of lines long, and medium-size projects of 1000 to 10000 lines are very common. PyQt5 can be used free of charge for noncommercial purposes, Both PyQt and Qt are dual-licensed: This essentially allows them to be used to develop noncommercial applications which must in turn be licensed using an acceptable open source license such as the GNU General Public License (GPL), or to be used to develop commercial applications in this case, a commercial PyQt license and a commercial Qt license must be purchased.
Installation
You can use pip command for the installation of PyQt5.
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pip install pyqt5 |
So now this is the complete code for our article, there are three different Python files,
the first one is our design, the second one is our logic file and the third one is for runing
our main PyQt5 application.
So this is the design file, the design file of this application is created by Qt Designer.
the file was ui file, but i have converted the file to Python file , and the name of file
is ui_calculator.py.
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# -*- coding: utf-8 -*- # Form implementation generated from reading ui file 'dialog.ui' # # Created by: PyQt5 UI code generator 5.9 # # WARNING! All changes made in this file will be lost! from PyQt5 import QtCore, QtGui, QtWidgets class Ui_Calculator(object): def setupUi(self, Dialog): Dialog.setObjectName("Dialog") Dialog.resize(323, 398) self.label = QtWidgets.QLabel(Dialog) self.label.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(20, 30, 281, 51)) font = QtGui.QFont() font.setPointSize(10) font.setBold(True) font.setWeight(75) self.label.setFont(font) self.label.setStyleSheet("QLabel {\n" "\n" "border:1px solid green;\n" "background-color:white;\n" "qproperty-alignment: \'AlignVCenter | AlignRight\';\n" "\n" "\n" "\n" "}") self.label.setObjectName("label") self.pushButton_clear = QtWidgets.QPushButton(Dialog) self.pushButton_clear.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(20, 80, 71, 61)) font = QtGui.QFont() font.setPointSize(9) font.setBold(True) font.setWeight(75) self.pushButton_clear.setFont(font) self.pushButton_clear.setStyleSheet("QPushButton {\n" "border:1px solid green;\n" "\n" "background-color:#2AFF55\n" "\n" "\n" "}\n" "\n" "\n" "QPushButton:pressed {\n" "\n" "background-color:#2AFFAA\n" "\n" "\n" "\n" "}") self.pushButton_clear.setObjectName("pushButton_clear") self.pushButton_divide = QtWidgets.QPushButton(Dialog) self.pushButton_divide.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(230, 80, 71, 61)) font = QtGui.QFont() font.setPointSize(9) font.setBold(True) font.setWeight(75) self.pushButton_divide.setFont(font) self.pushButton_divide.setStyleSheet("QPushButton {\n" "\n" "border:1px solid gree;\n" "background-color:#55FFAA;\n" "\n" "\n" "\n" "}\n" "\n" "\n" "QPushButton:pressed {\n" "\n" "background-color:#AAFFFF;\n" "\n" "\n" "}") self.pushButton_divide.setObjectName("pushButton_divide") self.pushButton_modulus = QtWidgets.QPushButton(Dialog) self.pushButton_modulus.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(160, 80, 71, 61)) font = QtGui.QFont() font.setPointSize(9) font.setBold(True) font.setWeight(75) self.pushButton_modulus.setFont(font) self.pushButton_modulus.setStyleSheet("QPushButton {\n" "border:1px solid green;\n" "\n" "background-color:#2AFF55\n" "\n" "\n" "}\n" "\n" "\n" "QPushButton:pressed {\n" "\n" "background-color:#2AFFAA\n" "\n" "\n" "\n" "}") self.pushButton_modulus.setObjectName("pushButton_modulus") self.pushButton_plusminus = QtWidgets.QPushButton(Dialog) self.pushButton_plusminus.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(90, 80, 71, 61)) font = QtGui.QFont() font.setPointSize(9) font.setBold(True) font.setWeight(75) self.pushButton_plusminus.setFont(font) self.pushButton_plusminus.setStyleSheet("QPushButton {\n" "border:1px solid green;\n" "\n" "background-color:#2AFF55\n" "\n" "\n" "}\n" "\n" "\n" "QPushButton:pressed {\n" "\n" "background-color:#2AFFAA\n" "\n" "\n" "\n" "}") self.pushButton_plusminus.setObjectName("pushButton_plusminus") self.pushButton_multiply = QtWidgets.QPushButton(Dialog) self.pushButton_multiply.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(230, 140, 71, 61)) font = QtGui.QFont() font.setPointSize(9) font.setBold(True) font.setWeight(75) self.pushButton_multiply.setFont(font) self.pushButton_multiply.setStyleSheet("QPushButton {\n" "\n" "border:1px solid gree;\n" "background-color:#55FFAA;\n" "\n" "\n" "\n" "}\n" "\n" "\n" "QPushButton:pressed {\n" "\n" "background-color:#AAFFFF;\n" "\n" "\n" "}") self.pushButton_multiply.setObjectName("pushButton_multiply") self.pushButton_nine = QtWidgets.QPushButton(Dialog) self.pushButton_nine.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(160, 140, 71, 61)) font = QtGui.QFont() font.setPointSize(9) font.setBold(True) font.setWeight(75) self.pushButton_nine.setFont(font) self.pushButton_nine.setStyleSheet("QPushButton {\n" "\n" "border:1px solid green;\n" "background-color:#AAFFAA;\n" "\n" "\n" "\n" "}\n" "\n" "QPushButton:pressed {\n" "\n" "background-color:#AAFFD4\n" "\n" "\n" "}") self.pushButton_nine.setObjectName("pushButton_nine") self.pushButton_eight = QtWidgets.QPushButton(Dialog) self.pushButton_eight.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(90, 140, 71, 61)) font = QtGui.QFont() font.setPointSize(9) font.setBold(True) font.setWeight(75) self.pushButton_eight.setFont(font) self.pushButton_eight.setStyleSheet("QPushButton {\n" "\n" "border:1px solid green;\n" "background-color:#AAFFAA;\n" "\n" "\n" "\n" "}\n" "\n" "QPushButton:pressed {\n" "\n" "background-color:#AAFFD4\n" "\n" "\n" "}") self.pushButton_eight.setObjectName("pushButton_eight") self.pushButton_seven = QtWidgets.QPushButton(Dialog) self.pushButton_seven.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(20, 140, 71, 61)) font = QtGui.QFont() font.setPointSize(9) font.setBold(True) font.setWeight(75) self.pushButton_seven.setFont(font) self.pushButton_seven.setStyleSheet("QPushButton {\n" "\n" "border:1px solid green;\n" "background-color:#AAFFAA;\n" "\n" "\n" "\n" "}\n" "\n" "QPushButton:pressed {\n" "\n" "background-color:#AAFFD4\n" "\n" "\n" "}") self.pushButton_seven.setObjectName("pushButton_seven") self.pushButton_minus = QtWidgets.QPushButton(Dialog) self.pushButton_minus.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(230, 200, 71, 61)) font = QtGui.QFont() font.setPointSize(9) font.setBold(True) font.setWeight(75) self.pushButton_minus.setFont(font) self.pushButton_minus.setStyleSheet("QPushButton {\n" "\n" "border:1px solid gree;\n" "background-color:#55FFAA;\n" "\n" "\n" "\n" "}\n" "\n" "\n" "QPushButton:pressed {\n" "\n" "background-color:#AAFFFF;\n" "\n" "\n" "}") self.pushButton_minus.setObjectName("pushButton_minus") self.pushButton_four = QtWidgets.QPushButton(Dialog) self.pushButton_four.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(160, 200, 71, 61)) font = QtGui.QFont() font.setPointSize(9) font.setBold(True) font.setWeight(75) self.pushButton_four.setFont(font) self.pushButton_four.setStyleSheet("QPushButton {\n" "\n" "border:1px solid green;\n" "background-color:#AAFFAA;\n" "\n" "\n" "\n" "}\n" "\n" "QPushButton:pressed {\n" "\n" "background-color:#AAFFD4\n" "\n" "\n" "}") self.pushButton_four.setObjectName("pushButton_four") self.pushButton_five = QtWidgets.QPushButton(Dialog) self.pushButton_five.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(90, 200, 71, 61)) font = QtGui.QFont() font.setPointSize(9) font.setBold(True) font.setWeight(75) self.pushButton_five.setFont(font) self.pushButton_five.setStyleSheet("QPushButton {\n" "\n" "border:1px solid green;\n" "background-color:#AAFFAA;\n" "\n" "\n" "\n" "}\n" "\n" "QPushButton:pressed {\n" "\n" "background-color:#AAFFD4\n" "\n" "\n" "}") self.pushButton_five.setObjectName("pushButton_five") self.pushButton_six = QtWidgets.QPushButton(Dialog) self.pushButton_six.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(20, 200, 71, 61)) font = QtGui.QFont() font.setPointSize(9) font.setBold(True) font.setWeight(75) self.pushButton_six.setFont(font) self.pushButton_six.setStyleSheet("QPushButton {\n" "\n" "border:1px solid green;\n" "background-color:#AAFFAA;\n" "\n" "\n" "\n" "}\n" "\n" "QPushButton:pressed {\n" "\n" "background-color:#AAFFD4\n" "\n" "\n" "}") self.pushButton_six.setObjectName("pushButton_six") self.pushButton_plus = QtWidgets.QPushButton(Dialog) self.pushButton_plus.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(230, 260, 71, 61)) font = QtGui.QFont() font.setPointSize(9) font.setBold(True) font.setWeight(75) self.pushButton_plus.setFont(font) self.pushButton_plus.setStyleSheet("QPushButton {\n" "\n" "border:1px solid gree;\n" "background-color:#55FFAA;\n" "\n" "\n" "\n" "}\n" "\n" "\n" "QPushButton:pressed {\n" "\n" "background-color:#AAFFFF;\n" "\n" "\n" "}") self.pushButton_plus.setObjectName("pushButton_plus") self.pushButton_one = QtWidgets.QPushButton(Dialog) self.pushButton_one.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(160, 260, 71, 61)) font = QtGui.QFont() font.setPointSize(9) font.setBold(True) font.setWeight(75) self.pushButton_one.setFont(font) self.pushButton_one.setStyleSheet("QPushButton {\n" "\n" "border:1px solid green;\n" "background-color:#AAFFAA;\n" "\n" "\n" "\n" "}\n" "\n" "QPushButton:pressed {\n" "\n" "background-color:#AAFFD4\n" "\n" "\n" "}") self.pushButton_one.setObjectName("pushButton_one") self.pushButton_two = QtWidgets.QPushButton(Dialog) self.pushButton_two.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(90, 260, 71, 61)) font = QtGui.QFont() font.setPointSize(9) font.setBold(True) font.setWeight(75) self.pushButton_two.setFont(font) self.pushButton_two.setStyleSheet("QPushButton {\n" "\n" "border:1px solid green;\n" "background-color:#AAFFAA;\n" "\n" "\n" "\n" "}\n" "\n" "QPushButton:pressed {\n" "\n" "background-color:#AAFFD4\n" "\n" "\n" "}") self.pushButton_two.setObjectName("pushButton_two") self.pushButton_three = QtWidgets.QPushButton(Dialog) self.pushButton_three.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(20, 260, 71, 61)) font = QtGui.QFont() font.setPointSize(9) font.setBold(True) font.setWeight(75) self.pushButton_three.setFont(font) self.pushButton_three.setStyleSheet("QPushButton {\n" "\n" "border:1px solid green;\n" "background-color:#AAFFAA;\n" "\n" "\n" "\n" "}\n" "\n" "QPushButton:pressed {\n" "\n" "background-color:#AAFFD4\n" "\n" "\n" "}") self.pushButton_three.setObjectName("pushButton_three") self.pushButton_zero = QtWidgets.QPushButton(Dialog) self.pushButton_zero.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(20, 320, 141, 61)) font = QtGui.QFont() font.setPointSize(9) font.setBold(True) font.setWeight(75) self.pushButton_zero.setFont(font) self.pushButton_zero.setStyleSheet("QPushButton {\n" "\n" "border:1px solid green;\n" "background-color:#AAFFAA;\n" "\n" "\n" "\n" "}\n" "\n" "QPushButton:pressed {\n" "\n" "background-color:#AAFFD4\n" "\n" "\n" "}") self.pushButton_zero.setObjectName("pushButton_zero") self.pushButton_equal = QtWidgets.QPushButton(Dialog) self.pushButton_equal.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(230, 320, 71, 61)) font = QtGui.QFont() font.setPointSize(9) font.setBold(True) font.setWeight(75) self.pushButton_equal.setFont(font) self.pushButton_equal.setStyleSheet("QPushButton {\n" "\n" "border:1px solid gree;\n" "background-color:#55FFAA;\n" "\n" "\n" "\n" "}\n" "\n" "\n" "QPushButton:pressed {\n" "\n" "background-color:#AAFFFF;\n" "\n" "\n" "}") self.pushButton_equal.setObjectName("pushButton_equal") self.pushButton_decimel = QtWidgets.QPushButton(Dialog) self.pushButton_decimel.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(160, 320, 71, 61)) font = QtGui.QFont() font.setPointSize(9) font.setBold(True) font.setWeight(75) self.pushButton_decimel.setFont(font) self.pushButton_decimel.setStyleSheet("QPushButton {\n" "border:1px solid green;\n" "\n" "background-color:#2AFF55\n" "\n" "\n" "}\n" "\n" "\n" "QPushButton:pressed {\n" "\n" "background-color:#2AFFAA\n" "\n" "\n" "\n" "}") self.pushButton_decimel.setObjectName("pushButton_decimel") self.retranslateUi(Dialog) QtCore.QMetaObject.connectSlotsByName(Dialog) def retranslateUi(self, Dialog): _translate = QtCore.QCoreApplication.translate Dialog.setWindowTitle(_translate("Dialog", "Dialog")) self.label.setText(_translate("Dialog", "0")) self.pushButton_clear.setText(_translate("Dialog", "C")) self.pushButton_divide.setText(_translate("Dialog", "/")) self.pushButton_modulus.setText(_translate("Dialog", "%")) self.pushButton_plusminus.setText(_translate("Dialog", "+/-")) self.pushButton_multiply.setText(_translate("Dialog", "x")) self.pushButton_nine.setText(_translate("Dialog", "9")) self.pushButton_eight.setText(_translate("Dialog", "8")) self.pushButton_seven.setText(_translate("Dialog", "7")) self.pushButton_minus.setText(_translate("Dialog", "-")) self.pushButton_four.setText(_translate("Dialog", "4")) self.pushButton_five.setText(_translate("Dialog", "5")) self.pushButton_six.setText(_translate("Dialog", "6")) self.pushButton_plus.setText(_translate("Dialog", "+")) self.pushButton_one.setText(_translate("Dialog", "1")) self.pushButton_two.setText(_translate("Dialog", "2")) self.pushButton_three.setText(_translate("Dialog", "3")) self.pushButton_zero.setText(_translate("Dialog", "0")) self.pushButton_equal.setText(_translate("Dialog", "=")) self.pushButton_decimel.setText(_translate("Dialog", ".")) |
This is our main logic file and i have called it calculator.py.
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from PyQt5 import QtWidgets from ui_calculator import Ui_Calculator class calculatorWindow(QtWidgets.QMainWindow, Ui_Calculator): firNumber = None typingNumber = False def __init__(self): super().__init__() self.setupUi(self) self.show() #our buttons self.pushButton_zero.clicked.connect(self.numberPressed) self.pushButton_one.clicked.connect(self.numberPressed) self.pushButton_two.clicked.connect(self.numberPressed) self.pushButton_three.clicked.connect(self.numberPressed) self.pushButton_four.clicked.connect(self.numberPressed) self.pushButton_five.clicked.connect(self.numberPressed) self.pushButton_six.clicked.connect(self.numberPressed) self.pushButton_seven.clicked.connect(self.numberPressed) self.pushButton_eight.clicked.connect(self.numberPressed) self.pushButton_nine.clicked.connect(self.numberPressed) self.pushButton_decimel.clicked.connect(self.decimalPressed) self.pushButton_plusminus.clicked.connect(self.unaryOperation) self.pushButton_modulus.clicked.connect(self.unaryOperation) self.pushButton_plus.clicked.connect(self.binaryOperation) self.pushButton_minus.clicked.connect(self.binaryOperation) self.pushButton_multiply.clicked.connect(self.binaryOperation) self.pushButton_divide.clicked.connect(self.binaryOperation) self.pushButton_equal.clicked.connect(self.equl_pressed) self.pushButton_clear.clicked.connect(self.clearbtn) self.pushButton_plus.setCheckable(True) self.pushButton_minus.setCheckable(True) self.pushButton_multiply.setCheckable(True) self.pushButton_divide.setCheckable(True) #number pressed method def numberPressed(self): button = self.sender() if (( self.pushButton_plus.isChecked() or self.pushButton_minus.isChecked() or self.pushButton_divide.isChecked() or self.pushButton_multiply.isChecked()) and ( not self.typingNumber)): lbl = format(float(button.text()), '.15g') self.typingNumber = True else: if (('.' in self.label.text()) and (button.text() == '0')): lbl = format(self.label.text() + button.text(), '.15') else: lbl = format(float(self.label.text() + button.text()), '.15g') self.label.setText(lbl) #decimel number pressed def decimalPressed(self): self.label.setText(self.label.text() + '.') #unaryopertio def unaryOperation(self): button = self.sender() labelNumber = float(self.label.text()) if button.text() == "+/-": labelNumber = labelNumber * -1 else: labelNumber = labelNumber * 0.01 newLabel = format(labelNumber, '.15g') self.label.setText(newLabel) #binary operation def binaryOperation(self): button = self.sender() self.firNumber = float(self.label.text()) button.setChecked(True) def equl_pressed(self): secondNumber = float(self.label.text()) if(self.pushButton_plus.isChecked()): labelNumber = self.firNumber + secondNumber newLabel = format(labelNumber, '.15g') self.label.setText(newLabel) self.pushButton_plus.setChecked(False) elif (self.pushButton_minus.isChecked()): labelNumber = self.firNumber - secondNumber newLabel = format(labelNumber, '.15g') self.label.setText(newLabel) self.pushButton_minus.setChecked(False) elif (self.pushButton_multiply.isChecked()): labelNumber = self.firNumber * secondNumber newLabel = format(labelNumber, '.15g') self.label.setText(newLabel) self.pushButton_multiply.setChecked(False) elif (self.pushButton_divide.isChecked()): labelNumber = self.firNumber / secondNumber newLabel = format(labelNumber, '.15g') self.label.setText(newLabel) self.pushButton_divide.setChecked(False) self.typingNumber = False def clearbtn(self): self.pushButton_plus.setChecked(False) self.pushButton_minus.setChecked(False) self.pushButton_multiply.setChecked(False) self.pushButton_divide.setChecked(False) self.typingNumber = False self.label.setText("0") |
So this line of code is for importing our ui file.
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from PyQt5 import QtWidgets from ui_calculator import Ui_Calculator |
We have created a main class that extends from the QMainWindow and also our
UI_Calculator class. you can see that we have added two variables in this class that we
will use them.
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firNumber = None typingNumber = False |
These are our QPushButton, that we are going to connect this with the specific methods or slot.
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self.pushButton_zero.clicked.connect(self.numberPressed) self.pushButton_one.clicked.connect(self.numberPressed) self.pushButton_two.clicked.connect(self.numberPressed) self.pushButton_three.clicked.connect(self.numberPressed) self.pushButton_four.clicked.connect(self.numberPressed) self.pushButton_five.clicked.connect(self.numberPressed) self.pushButton_six.clicked.connect(self.numberPressed) self.pushButton_seven.clicked.connect(self.numberPressed) self.pushButton_eight.clicked.connect(self.numberPressed) self.pushButton_nine.clicked.connect(self.numberPressed) self.pushButton_decimel.clicked.connect(self.decimalPressed) self.pushButton_plusminus.clicked.connect(self.unaryOperation) self.pushButton_modulus.clicked.connect(self.unaryOperation) self.pushButton_plus.clicked.connect(self.binaryOperation) self.pushButton_minus.clicked.connect(self.binaryOperation) self.pushButton_multiply.clicked.connect(self.binaryOperation) self.pushButton_divide.clicked.connect(self.binaryOperation) self.pushButton_equal.clicked.connect(self.equl_pressed) self.pushButton_clear.clicked.connect(self.clearbtn) |
also we have connected these buttons to specific method or slot.
OK now this is our third file and i have named it main.py, in here we are going to
run our application.
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import sys from PyQt5.QtWidgets import QApplication from calculator import calculatorWindow app = QApplication(sys.argv) calculator = calculatorWindow() sys.exit(app.exec()) |
So in here every PyQt5 application must create an application object.
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app = QApplication(sys.argv) |
also we enter the mainloop of the application. The event handling starts from this point.
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sys.exit(app.exec()) |
If you run the code this will be the result, you need to run the code from main.py file.
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Thanks for this article.